H型(xing)鋼(gang)是一(yi)種截面(mian)面(mian)積分配(pei)更加優(you)化(hua)、強重(zhong)(zhong)比更加合理(li)的經(jing)濟斷(duan)面(mian)高效型(xing)材(cai)，因其斷(duan)面(mian)與英文(wen)字(zi)母(mu)“H”相同而得名。由于H型(xing)鋼(gang)的各(ge)個部(bu)位(wei)均以(yi)直(zhi)角排布(bu)，因此H型(xing)鋼(gang)在各(ge)個方向(xiang)上都(dou)具有(you)抗彎能力強、施工(gong)簡單、節約(yue)成(cheng)本和(he)(he)結構重(zhong)(zhong)量輕等優(you)點，已被廣泛應用。斷(duan)面(mian)形(xing)狀類似于大寫拉丁字(zi)母(mu)H的一(yi)種經(jing)濟斷(duan)面(mian)型(xing)材(cai)，又叫萬能鋼(gang)梁、寬緣(邊)工(gong)字(zi)鋼(gang)或平行翼(yi)(yi)緣工(gong)字(zi)鋼(gang)。H型(xing)鋼(gang)的橫斷(duan)面(mian)通(tong)常包(bao)括腹(fu)板(ban)(ban)和(he)(he)翼(yi)(yi)緣板(ban)(ban)兩部(bu)分，又稱為腰(yao)部(bu)和(he)(he)邊部(bu)。

特點

H型鋼(gang)(gang)的翼(yi)緣內外側(ce)平行或(huo)接近(jin)于(yu)(yu)(yu)平行，翼(yi)緣端部呈直(zhi)角，因此而(er)得名(ming)平行翼(yi)緣工(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)。H型鋼(gang)(gang)的腹(fu)(fu)板(ban)厚度(du)(du)比(bi)腹(fu)(fu)板(ban)同(tong)樣高的普(pu)通(tong)(tong)工(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)小，翼(yi)緣寬度(du)(du)比(bi)腹(fu)(fu)板(ban)同(tong)樣高的普(pu)通(tong)(tong)工(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)大，因此又得名(ming)寬緣工(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)。由(you)形狀所決定(ding)，H型鋼(gang)(gang)的截面模數(shu)、慣性矩(ju)及(ji)相應的強度(du)(du)均明顯優于(yu)(yu)(yu)同(tong)樣單重(zhong)的普(pu)通(tong)(tong)工(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)。用在不(bu)同(tong)要求的金屬(shu)結(jie)構中(zhong)，不(bu)論是承(cheng)受彎曲(qu)力矩(ju)、壓力負荷、偏心負荷都顯示出它的優越性能(neng)，可較普(pu)通(tong)(tong)工(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)大大提高承(cheng)載能(neng)力，節約(yue)金屬(shu)10%～40%。H型鋼(gang)(gang)的翼(yi)緣寬、腹(fu)(fu)板(ban)薄、規格多、使用靈活，用于(yu)(yu)(yu)各種桁(heng)架結(jie)構中(zhong)可節約(yue)金屬(shu)15%～20%。由(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)其翼(yi)緣內外側(ce)平行，緣端呈直(zhi)角，便于(yu)(yu)(yu)拼裝組合(he)成各種構件，從(cong)而(er)可節約(yue)焊接、鉚(liu)接工(gong)作量25%左(zuo)右，能(neng)大大加快工(gong)程(cheng)的建設速度(du)(du)，縮短工(gong)期(qi)。

用途

由于具有上述優點，H型(xing)鋼應用廣泛，主(zhu)要用于：各(ge)種民用和工(gong)(gong)業建(jian)筑結構(gou);各(ge)種大(da)(da)(da)跨度(du)的工(gong)(gong)業廠(chang)房和現代化高(gao)層建(jian)筑，尤(you)其(qi)是地震(zhen)活動頻繁(fan)地區和高(gao)溫工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)條件下的工(gong)(gong)業廠(chang)房;要求承載能力大(da)(da)(da)、截(jie)面穩定性好、跨度(du)大(da)(da)(da)的大(da)(da)(da)型(xing)橋梁;重型(xing)設備;高(gao)速公路(lu);艦(jian)船骨(gu)架;礦山支護;地基處理和堤(di)壩(ba)工(gong)(gong)程;各(ge)種機器(qi)構(gou)件。